Dr Kurt Fowler is an assistant professor of Criminal Justice at Penn State Abington. His research focuses on deviant subcultures, particularly how they create and sustain culture in digital spaces to identify problems and address them. Recently, he has examined the subculture of incels and how they share perceived realities to bolster their ideology and how police use institutional language to absolve themselves of wrongdoing. He graduated from Rutgers University with a doctoral degree in 2019, completing a dissertation describing how sex workers use internet technology to circumvent traditional social institutions and create new resources for their community.